I-China News Agency, Beijing, January 15 (Pang Wuji, Liu Wenwen) Isikhathi eside, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi bekuyingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe yezohwebo nezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe ngamanani aphansi.

Kodwa-ke, selokhu kwaqubuka lolu bhubhane, izindleko zokuthumela emhlabeni wonke seziqale imodeli yokwenyuka kwentengo emangalisayo. Ngonyaka owodwa nje, izindleko zokuthumela zikhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-10. Kungani izindleko zokuthumela zikhuphuka? Hlobo luni lwenkinga i-global supply chain? Kuyoze kube nini lesi simo siqhubeka? U-Jens Eskelund, uMongameli we-Maersk (China) Co., Ltd., isikhondlakhondla semikhumbi yezimpahla zomhlaba wonke, wamukele inhlolokhono ekhethekile ne-China News Agency ukuze ahlaziye futhi aphendule le mibuzo.

Ezinyangeni ezedlule, amashumi ezinkulungwane zamakhonteyina agcwele izimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe avaleleke emachwebeni ase-US, futhi inqwaba yemikhumbi imile eduze kwechweba, ilinde amasonto.

I-Freightos, inkundla yezokuthutha, ibonise ukuthi izindleko zokuthutha isiqukathi esingamamitha angu-40 ukusuka e-China ukuya e-US West Coast zishaye u-$20,000 ngo-Agasti wonyaka odlule futhi zabuyela ku-$14,600 kusukela ngo-Jan. 14. Nakuba ziphansi kunezinga eliphakeme lasehlobo, namanje izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 izinga langaphambi kobhubhane.

Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi okungekuhle kudalule izinkinga ezijulile ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka.

U-Yan Ci ukholelwa ukuthi ukuvinjwa kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke kanye nokungalingani phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo emakethe yizizathu eziqondile zokwenyuka kwenani lempahla. Ukwengeza, izici ezifana nokuncipha kokusebenza kahle kwemikhumbi, ukukhuphuka okubukhali kwezindleko zokuqashisa umkhumbi namabhokisi, kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo ezihambisana nokuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngezixazululo ezihlukile zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla nakho kube nomthelela ekwenyukeni kwenani lempahla.

Kodwa-ke, waveza ukuthi amanani okuthwala impahla ashiwo lapha wonke amanani omthwalo wempahla (amanani ezimpahla zesikhashana phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu), futhi iMaersk njengamanje ihlela izinto zokuhamba eziningi (ngaphezu kwama-64%) wezimpahla zayo ezisekelwe ezinkontileka zesikhathi eside ezisayiniwe. , "Thina Izinga lempahla okuvunyelwene ngalo namakhasimende lihlala lizinzile phakathi nenkathi yenkontileka futhi alithintwa ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezimakethe."

U-Yan Ci uthe, empeleni, ukuthengwa kwempahla empofu manje sekuphenduke ibhodlela lezokuthutha ezihamba phakathi nezwe.

Uveze ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwechweba kwehlile, okudale ukuthi kube nokuhamba kancane kokungena nokuphuma kwamabhokisi kanye nokubambezeleka komkhumbi. Ukusebenza kahle kwechweba kudonswa yizici ezifana nokushoda kwezisebenzi, amaloli anganele okuqoqa, kanye nendawo yokugcina impahla enganele.

Namuhla, amachweba amaningi anomthamo omkhulu kakhulu wamagceke okugcina. Uma amaloli efika, angakwazi kuphela "ukumba" isitsha ukuze alayishe. Kuphansi kangakanani ukusebenza kahle okungacatshangwa.

Uthe amacala amabi kakhulu aseLos Angeles naseSeattle ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-United States. Isikhathi sokulinda singamaviki ama-4, kuhambisana nokubambezeleka okufushane kwamachweba asenyakatho ye-Europe nase-Asia, ukuze iluphu eyaklanywa ekuqaleni eyi-12 izothatha amaviki ayi-13 noma ayi-14 ukuqeda. uhambo olujikelezayo.

U-Yan Ci uthe ngokuphambene kakhulu nokwenzeka kokuminyana kanye neziqukathi ezingenalutho emachwebeni aphesheya kwezilwandle, amachweba aseChina asebenza kahle futhi ahlelekile.

Ngokubona kukaYanci, amachweba aseChina asebenza ngempumelelo ephezulu kakhulu. Abasebenzisi nje kuphela kabanzi ubuchwepheshe obusha, kodwa futhi bafaka ukubaluleka ekuqiniseni ukubambisana nazo zonke izinhlangothi ku-ecosystem yechweba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngemva kokugqashuka kwalolu bhubhane, ukugxila kwezohwebo emhlabeni wonke yiChina, futhi ngisho nokwanda okubukhali kwenani lempahla, amachweba aseShayina asengakwazi ukugcina ukuhleleka.

"Kungashiwo ukuthi iChina inohlelo lwamachweba olusezingeni lomhlaba."

Ukuhlaziya kukholelwa ukuthi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-China isilawule ngempumelelo lolu bhubhane ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi isivinini sokuqalisa kabusha komsebenzi nokukhiqiza sedlule obekulindelwe. Ochungechungeni lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke, imboni yezokukhiqiza yaseShayina idlala indima ebalulekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusimama komnotho womhlaba, isidingo semikhiqizo yase-Asia eYurophu nase-United States siye sakhula, futhi isidingo sokugcwaliswa kabusha sinamandla, ngakho inani elikhulu lezimpahla ligeleza lisuka eChina liya phesheya kwezilwandle, lisekela ukukhula okuqhubekayo komthamo wokuhweba.

Izimpahla zasolwandle ziyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, zizofika nini izinguquko?

U-Yan Ci ukholelwa ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwe-supply chain akunakwenzeka ukuba ngcono kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, futhi lesi simo singase siqhubeke ngemva koNyaka Omusha WaseShayina. Ngisho, eNyakatho Melika, kungenzeka kuhlale isikhathi eside.

"Isihluthulelo sokuvula imithambo yezohwebo zasolwandle kanye nokuvula uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngamazwe ngamazwe ukusungula ukuguquguquka kwe-supply chain nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka." Uthe i-supply chain yamanje ayiqinile ngokwanele ukumelana nokuphazamiseka kwalolu bhubhane. Uhlelo lwezohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ludinga ngokuphuthumayo uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngedijithali olunembile futhi olusobala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlelwa kwesayensi nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu kuyadingeka, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, indawo yesigcinalwazi idinga ukudalwa ukuze ibhekane nanoma yikuphi ukungaqiniseki.

U-Yan Ci ukholelwa ukuthi esinye isici esidala ukushoda kwamanje kwamabhokisi, ukungabibikho kwendawo yezimpahla, kanye nokukhuphuka kwezindleko zempahla yizinkinga zesakhiwo.

Izinkampani zenethiwekhi ezifana nezinkampani zemikhumbi zinaka kakhulu ukuphathwa kwezindleko futhi zigxile ekuthuthukiseni izinga lempahla yesikhashana. Lokhu kuphinde kwagqugquzela imodeli yokubambisana eqagelayo phakathi kwezinkampani zemikhumbi nabanikazi bempahla, okubeka amanani ezimpahla ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu ehlehlayo kanye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka nokuqina kwe-supply chain. Uma usubhekane nomcimbi "we-black swan" njengobhubhane olusha lomqhele, asikho isikhala esikhulu sokubhafa.

U-Yanci uzwakalise ithemba lokuthi zonke izinhlangothi zingafunda kukho, futhi unethemba lokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwenani lempahla futhi bathole imali engenayo ezinzile. Imakethe eguquguqukayo yenza kube nzima ezinkampanini ukwenza izinqumo zokutshala izimali zesikhathi eside nokuhlela.

"Nakuba lokhu kudinga inani elithile, kuzoletha izinzuzo ezinkulu zesikhathi eside ezinkampanini ezihweba kwamanye amazwe." Uthe